ALABAMA (WDNews)— The Asian needle ant, an invasive species capable of delivering painful stings and causing severe allergic reactions in some people, has become established across much of the eastern United States, including Alabama, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service.
The ant, known scientifically as Brachyponera chinensis, is native to China, Japan and Korea. According to the USDA, it was first discovered in the United States in 1932 and has since spread throughout several states in the Southeast.
Researchers say Asian needle ants are small, shiny ants that range from dark brown to black. They are commonly found beneath logs, rocks and leaf litter in wooded areas, but can also be found around homes and businesses under mulch, landscape timbers and other outdoor materials.
According to the USDA, the invasive species poses a threat to native ecosystems by reducing populations of native ants that play an important role in seed dispersal. Researchers have documented declines in native ant species in areas where Asian needle ants have become established.
The USDA also warns that the ant’s sting can be a serious health concern. While the species is not considered highly aggressive, its sting can cause intense pain and, in rare cases, trigger anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction.
Symptoms of anaphylaxis may include difficulty breathing, swelling of the tongue or throat, hives, dizziness, low blood pressure, nausea and a rapid or weak pulse.
“If you suspect you are having a systemic allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) from an Asian needle ant sting, seek immediate medical attention as it could be life-threatening,” the USDA stated.
Officials encourage residents to be aware of the species and exercise caution when moving logs, rocks, rotting wood and other materials where ants may nest.
According to the USDA, researchers continue to study the environmental impacts of Asian needle ants and evaluate methods to control their spread.
